Aviation English For Pilots & Air Traffic Controllers

PRONUNCIATION
Pronunciation, stress, rhythm and intonation are influenced by the first language or regional variation but only sometimes interfere with ease of understanding.

STRUCTURE
Basic grammatical structures and sentence patterns are used creatively and are usually well controlled. Errors may occur, particularly in unusual or unexpected circumstances, but rarely interfere with meaning.

VOCABULARY
The user's vocabulary range and accuracy are usually suffi cient to communicate effectively on common, concrete, and workrelated topics. The user can often paraphrase successfully when lacking vocabulary in unusual or unexpected circumstances.

FLUENCY
The user produces stretches of language at an appropriate tempo. There may be occasional loss of fluency on transition from rehearsed or formulaic speech to spontaneous interaction, but this does not prevent effective communication. The user can make limited use of discourse markers or connectors. Fillers are not distracting.

COMPREHENSION
Comprehension is mostly accurate on common, concrete, and work-related topics when the accent or variety used is suffi ciently intelligible for an international community of users. When the speaker is confronted with a linguistic or situational complication or an unexpected turn of events, comprehension may be slower or require clarifi cation strategies.

INTERACTIONS
Responses are usually immediate, appropriate, and informative. The user initiates and maintains exchanges even when dealing with an unexpected turn of events. Deals adequately with apparent misunderstandings by checking, confi rming, or clarifying.